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Data and Computer Communication - Networking Principles

What is mean by communication

Communication is an exchange of information in between two or more parties for satisfying the required conditions, the conformation of thing or rule

Main requirements for the communication

There are few basic requirements have to satisfied for a successful communication such as
• There should be two or more parties
• There should be a communication medium which connects the parties involved (air, wire, light)
• The use of common grands (language, action, symbol)

Methods of communication

There are several ways of doing communication such as
• signal
• colour light
• talking
• sign boards
• report writing lecturing

Data communication

In data communication,
• data means the information in the machine-readable form
• using stored information in one computer must be transferred to another one and stored there
• for transferring data we use singles

There are two basic types of signals

• Digital signals

in digital signals, we used 0 and 1 or charged or discharged (why we use 0 and 1 for digital transmission)

• Analog signals

in analog signals we used frequency, rotations, pulls per second etc.

Data communication

Requirements of data communication,
• at least two devices are ready to communicate
• a transmission medium
• a set of rules and procedure for proper communication (Protocol)
• standard data representation
• transmission of bits either Serial or Parallel
• bit Synchronization using Start/Stop bits in case of Asynchronous transmission
• in Synchronous transmission the agreed pattern of the flag
• signal encoding rules viz. NRZ or RZ
• and other higher layer protocol
___________________________________________

Methods of communication data

Methods of communication data

There are three communication types
1.Simplex
2.Half – Duplex (Duplex)
3.Full Duplex

Simplex


Data is travelling only one direction - Sender to receiver
Ex. Television, Radio

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